Cathodic Protection Behavior with Metal-Impregnated Graphite Anode in Sea Water

A review of galvanic anode cathodic protection design procedure

Electrochemistry is a physical science. As a general definition physical sciences apply mathematical equations, making some assumptions in order to predict/explain phenomena/mechanism occurring in the natural environment. The mechanism of cathodic protection in seawater has been covered exhaustively elsewhere and the intent of this paper is to focus on the procedure of the galvanic (sacrificial...

Contact Resistance Analysis of Silver Impregnated Graphite Contacts used in Metal to Carbon Relays

Metal to Carbon Relays are used in railway signaling on Indian Railways for operating various signaling functions viz. signals / points / track which make and break as per the signaling logic and operate the signaling equipment. The reliability of these relays is very poor and its major reason is High Contact Resistan operations and adversely affects the train safety & punctuality. HCR were det...

Metal-insulator-like behavior in semimetallic bismuth and graphite.

When high quality bismuth or graphite crystals are placed in a magnetic field directed along the c axis (trigonal axis for bismuth) and the temperature is lowered, the resistance increases as it does in an insulator but then saturates. We show that the combination of unusual features specific to semimetals, i.e., low carrier density, small effective mass, high purity, and an equal number of ele...

Improved Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Artificial Graphite Anode Using Water-Based Binders in Lithium-Ion Batteries

In recent years, many studies have focused on the active materials of anodes to improve the performance of LIBs, while limited attention has been given to polymer binders, which act as inactive ingredients. However, polymer binders have amazing influence on the electrochemical performance of anodes. Herein, to investigate the binding performance between MCMB artificial graphite and the copper c...

Maintenance of Cathodic Protection Systems